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Restricted elements and their typical uses
| Elements | Examples and Uses |
| Lead Pb | |
| Solder Paint Glass material Ceramic materials Steel, Aluminium, Copper Plastics Batteries | Pigments and driers Pb allowed in fluorescent lamps Pb allowed in ceramic form Certain amount is allowed PVC stabilizer & pigment Pb/acid batteries are allowed in vehicles |
| Cadmium Cd | |
| Plastics Solder Ceramics Contacts Batteries Semiconductors | Stabilizer & pigment Rarely used Rarely used Relays and switches NiCd are allowed Light sensors and solar panels |
| Mercury Hg | |
| Batteries Contacts Fluorescent lamps | Restricted by battery directive Relays, microswitches Certain amount is allowed |
| Chrome 6+, Cr VI+ | |
| Passivation layers Anti-corrosive coatings Chrome coatings Plasticizers | Used for bare metals to enhance coating adhesion Paints or coatings Chrome coating is metallic chrome and not restricted Used in plastic coating process not in end product |
| PBB & PBDE | |
| Plastics/polymers | Fire retardant |
RoHS restricted elements and their proposed limits in homogenous material
- Cadmium, Cd < 0.01% (100ppm)
- Mercury, Hg < 0.1% (1000ppm)
- Lead, Pb < 0.1% (1000ppm)
- Hexavalent Chrome, Cr VI < 0.1% (1000ppm)
- Polybrominated biphenyl, PBB < 0.1% (1000ppm)
- Polybrominated diphenyl ether, PBDE < 0.1% (1000ppm)
Guideline: A homogeneous material is a single substance such as plastic, for example the PVC insulation on insulated copper wire. Components such as semiconductor packages are not materials but will contain several different materials
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